Both military and civil versions, Everything from the Goodyear blimp to the Zeppelin, Beautiful shots taken while the sun is below the horizon, Accident, incident and crash related photos, Photos taken by airborne photographers of airborne aircraft, Aircraft painted in beautiful and original liveries, Tail and Winglet closeups with beautiful airline logos, 109 Photos Sign up to receive the latest photos, news, contest announcements and more. Mid 2000 A320 family production was at a monthly rate of 22, to be increased to 30 units a month by the end of 2002. If we were only cleared to "line up" we wait here until we get clearance to take off. After the project was cancelled because of politics, a lot of the engineers from Avro either went to NASA or joined the teams to design and build the Concorde. This gives a stall speed that is lower than than the stall speed at 1g. What is the exposition of the blanket by Floyd dell? thank you for spotting that. The thrust levers act as a maximum allowed power setting for the autothrust system. Cheers, Marcus. Wing span 34.09m (111ft 10in), length 37.57m (123ft 3in), height 11.76m (38ft 7in). The commonality factor also extends into the passenger cabin, with similar systems, control panels and procedures across the Airbus single-aisle and widebody families an advantage that is appreciated by cabin crews and airline operators alike. VR: Rotation speed. guidance has priority over the speed guidance and speed needs to be watched very closely when using V/S. Because A/c of the A320 family have a low speed protection featute (alpha limit) that the flight crew can not override, the airworthiness authorities have reconsidered the definition of stall speed for these A/c. I suppose you could calculate the stall speed from Vapp, which is VS1g (stall speed at 1g) x1.23*. Fly-by-wire system By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. Was the high climb rate the result of pilot control input, or just a violent updraft? Its increased maximum takeoff weight (MTOW) of 101 tonnes enables the aircraft to be fitted with a permanent Rear Centre Tank (carrying 12,900 litres of fuel) and an optional forward ACT. As the first civil aircraft to introduce fly-by-wire technology, the A320 Family has set the standards ever since its entry in service. Books in which disembodied brains in blue fluid try to enslave humanity, Removing unreal/gift co-authors previously added because of academic bullying. (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); The web portal flugzeuginfo.net includes a comprehensive civil and military aircraft encyclopedia. (some airlines take off with Packs OFF to allow more power to thrust and save fuel - not necessarily required), Turn on landing lights (LAND) and check if STROBE light is in AUTO or ON. that is a great question and so far we have been unable to find a reliable answer. - Modern Airliners, Pingback:How many seats are on an Airbus A320? KarmaWhiskas June 27, 2021, 1:41am #1. Thanks, Hey John, Hi Cawas, If anyone else knows this please chime in. Cables were used in pioneering aircraft to lend strength to wings to make up for low strength to weight ratios in early materials. What are the climb rates during the different phases of flight of an A320? You need to look earlier in the video. They match the PERF pages in the MCDU (see Preparing the MCDU).. The complex and demanding failure chapter goes in depth with failures such as: Dual Bleed faults, The A320 was the first narrow body airliner to use an appreciable amount of composite materials in its construction. The A321XLR version provides a further range extension to 4,700nm. The Airbus A320 was the world's first series production aircraft with fly-by-wire and side-sticks controls. At 3:59 the sidestick goes full back and full left. In addition, operators can expect a 500 nautical mile increase in range. The pilot is in command from 4:54-5:13, not choosing Valpha max. If you select a speed less than VLS, when VLS is reached the A/THR will increase thrust to maintain at least VLS. How can I find which engines are used on the different A320 weight variants? Flight envelope protection and recovery from stall process on the Airbus A320 full flight simulator all this in our newest video!BAA Training Aviation Academy is European standard aviation training center, where the experience of tailored training solutions is wrapped in the personal care.BAA Training headquarters is in Lithuania and counts more than 20 years of experience in aviation training, while its heritage reaches 1938 the establishment of the Lithuanian airlines training department. A320-200 - Operating empty with V2500s 42,220kg (93,079lb); with CFM56s 42,175kg (92,980lb). What is the average 40 yard dash time for a 11 year old boy? What are the ATR 42 and ATR 72 aircraft made by Arospatiale and Leonardo? The most successful commercial aircraft family ever. There is also a rolling start where we would not stop but directly apply thrust for takeoff once we are straight on the runway. Remove the hand from the thrust levers at V1 to avoid accidentally aborting after V1. The three are roughly the same at 10,000', at about 2500 fpm. A320-200 - Max cruising speed 903km/h (487kt) at 28,000ft, economical cruising speed 840km/h (454kt) at 37,000ft. The A320 includes many protections for the pilot which make it nearly impossible to stall or overspeed the aircraft. . [8] It would have a cruise speed of Mach 0.84 (faster than the Boeing 737). A beginner is defined as someone familiar with flying a GA aircraft or different types of airliners. Aircraft try to maintain a constant airspeed and descent rate in each phase of approach and landing, slowing down at each phase. The S.I. Stall speed is continually computed by the PRIMs based on weight, altitude and configuration. Pull the speed knob to switch to Selected Speed Mode. To make the A320 more attractive to passengers, and therefore airlines, Airbus decided to make a wider cabin than their competitors. The aircraft will descent or climb to the new altitude automatically. I also assume your miles were statute and not knots. Hi Fraser, %PDF-1.6 % Right before touchdown, the pilot will reduce speed even more by flaring (transitioning to a nose up attitude). The speed at which the aircraft may safely climb with one engine inoperative. Will keep a lookout. The aircraft will now accelerate to CLB speed (defined in MCDU PERF CLB page). This could activate the angle of attack protection in Normal Law or stall the aircraft if in Alternate Law! the aircraft's stall speed will increase. @Jon Story -- actually, there are pilots mentioning 4500-5000 fpm climb rates in light (no pax) 757s on climbout Hi, Welcome to Aviation SE! Overall, the A320neo delivers 20% fuel savings and CO2 reduction compared to previous-generation Airbus aircraft. Is this true, given that the TB10 I was flying stalls at 51 with full flap. Last updated 33 minutes ago. This is usually a good time to contact ATC Departure to check in with your current altitude. Southwest Airlines News and Discussion - 2023, Delta Exercises Options for 12 Additional A220-300's, Delta A330 Lands 6 Feet Short Of The Runway At Amsterdam, Fyodor Borisov - TransportPhoto Images - Russian APT, AirNikon Collection-Pima Air and Space Museum, Roger Cannegieter - Curacao Aviation Photography. Whom life had made ugly in the story of dodong and teang? Main cabin can accommodate a maximum of 179 passengers in a high density layout. During normal flight (after takeoff) the levers stay in the CL climb detent, and the Autothrust system will set engine power accordingly. Benefitting from the aircrafts outward-opening cargo doors and large lower-deck compartment cross-section, the CLS maximises usable cargo area while also accelerating processing on the ground which helps airport personnel speed up their handling of passengers luggage as well as freight. Why does the Airbus A320 series seem to rock left and right in level flight? Inside this highly popular City Jet. The A320 product lines true family concept plus its designed-in versatility enables operators to match the right aircraft size to route demand, covering the entire market from low- to high-density routes, as well as longer-range transcontinental services that can be adapted to passenger capacities. Turn off and retract the landing lights and when the aircraft is stable (weather, no turn, etc.) The aircraft will now continue climbing while managing thrust and pitch level. Setting the RWY TURN OFF light to ON, the LAND lights to ON and the NOSE light to T.O. Thank you for spotting that and pointing it out. The aircraft will immediately begin to target the new speed by either increasing or decreasing thrust. It only takes a minute to sign up. This system is always active, even when the Autopilot is off (in Normal Law which means under normal circumstances with a fully functional aircraft). Each flight management computer had six processors arranged in three pairs. The process of moving from one open window to another is called what? Extending the flight distances for A320 Family aircraft opens even more exciting travel possibilities. Tip: Count one-one thousand, two-one-thousand, etc. That is the space between seats, front to back. The aircraft's flight speed is maintained above the stall speed even if the pilot were holding the sidestick fully back, and the throttles are automatically opened to achieve a successful positive climb. Also integral to the A320 is the advanced electronic flightdeck, with six fully integrated EFIS colour displays and innovative sidestick controllers rather than conventional control columns. The opposite happens when in descent to the crossover altitude, at a constant Mach. The website has also a photo gallery and gives you an overview of all aviation museums worldwide. How to calculate the stall speed of an aircraft - Quora Answer (1 of 13): Let's start with the load factor formula. Thank you for that clarification. I have been unable to find the info on the web. The A320 has Autothrust which is similar to Autothrottle (e.g., in a Boeing), but it does not move the thrust levers. What is the History behind the Airbus A380 Super Jumbo? HDG "---" : means the lateral navigation is in Managed HDG Mode and the, ALT "5000" : means the selected altitude is 5000ft, Check Baro setting: above transition altitude (defined in the. The NEO(New Engine Option)is available for the A320 Familys three largest versions: the A319neo, A320neo and A321neo. The early A320s were equipped with Intel 80186 and Motorola 68010 computer processors and in 1988 moved on to the Intel 80286. Composite materials are a combination of several different materials brought together to form something stronger and often lighter than any of the original components on their own. With the widest single-aisle cabin in the sky, passengers appreciate the spacious environment from the moment they board an A320 and can benefit from airlines ability to utilise the Airbus standard of 18-inch-wide seats in economy. For this guide we assume you started cold & dark at the gate and taxied to the runway holding point as per the previous chapters of this beginner guide. Remember Winds also makes the plane's speed slower/or faster, 2) Air density: The Airbus A320 isa direct competitor to the Boeing 737 family of aircraft, as well as the McDonnell Douglas MD80/90. Tucano Turboprop Trainer, BAe Hawk and Airbus A320. |, The Airbus A318 Vs The A321 What Are The Key Differences? Through the Electronic Flight Instrument System (EFIS), which features a full glass cockpit, once again the first commercial airliner to be so equipped, the Electronic Centralised Aircraft Monitor (ECAM) displays information on all aircraft systems. Step into a new era with a versatile aircraft family, cutting-edge innovations and a suite of digital solutions. Sharklets are incorporated on new-build aircraft, and also are available for retrofit on the earlier A320ceo jetliners. Wanay Govinder, SKY Express Takes Delivery Of Its First ATR 72-600 | AIRTRAVELLER PH, SKY Express Takes Delivery Of Its First ATR 72-600 - Know Boeing, Airbus seals the deal to reinvigorate the QANTAS Fleet. In an effort to keep improving their narrow-body workhorse, Airbus now has on offer the A320 NEO (New Engine Option) as opposed to the A320 CEO (Current Engine Option). Site design / logo 2023 Stack Exchange Inc; user contributions licensed under CC BY-SA. Yes, youre right, it seems the missing characters were in white. We can also use TCAS on the ND to check for aircraft in the vicinity. Does the A320 predominantly use the CFM or IAE engines? With the widest single-aisle cabin in its class, passengers aboard the A320 enjoy more personal space, wider seats, and generous overhead compartments to store their luggage. It is a computer-based technology that is designed to protect the aircraft through flight envelope protection by preventing pilots from being able to put the aircraft in configurations or attitudes that compromised flight safety. This comment relates to wing design of aircraft. When we reached our starting point we stop and set the parking brakes. In addition, they made a larger cargo door so that loading and unloading of luggage or cargo could be performed faster assisting with quick turnaround times at airports. What is the stall speed of an Airbus 320? The flight crew should still move the switches to the OFF position as I'll let him know next time I see him. Great info pages. For the A320neo, Airbus expanded seating capacity with optimised cabin space and increased exit limits, enabling the jetliner to accommodate up to 194 passengers in a high-density configuration. Thrust level is THR CLB, vertical mode is CLB (ALT mode armed), lateral mode is NAV. Check ENG MODE SEL as required (should be on MODE NORM), Set TCAS to TA or TA/RA and traffic to ALL or ABV. After takeoff the aircraft will use FLX/MCT or TO GA thrust until thrust reduction altitude is reached (typically ~1500ft above runway, this is part of the MCDU setup). Cheers Peter, Thanks for the info. ATC (Ground or Tower) has instructed us to hold at a runway holding point and wait until we are cleared to "line up" or "take off". Aircraft has left the ground and is climbing at about 15. The Autopilot ensures that the aircraft stays at the Selected or Managed Speed setting and climbs to the new altitude while managing thrust automatically. If we did not receive a higher altitude we have to level off at the previously cleared altitude (cleared by ATC or navigational charts). Interesting piece of information. The FCU (Flight Control Unit) shows three important values: When reaching S-speed retract flaps. On a long enough runway V1 (depicted by "1") and VR (depicted by "o") are often very close together and can't be clearly distinguished on the PFD speed tape. Pull the throttle back into the CL detent. The stretched A321 and shortened A319 and A318 are described separately. Waking the giant, the return of the Airbus A380. FCU altitude was set low and the high rate of vertical speed resulted in an almost immediate ALT* after lift off. I assume you had your maps downloaded to the phone already. The speed over ground will vary, but this this does not affect the climb rates. What are the BUGS and RST buttons on the A320's ISIS for? Clearly that is unrealistic for actual flight, where I wouldn't expect a commercial jet to climb at more than 2000ft/min. 88kts (Flaps 2) Land Speed. Once airborne follow the flight director's guidance for pitch attitude. Aircraft is in TAXI state as per previous chapters. rev2023.1.18.43173. Keep the aircraft on the center line while accelerating down the runway. it needs to be updated. h@27m.mih$D^^, a/Ir!6BNSJE,5S,!~Ay/Sf;KS3CS1- Sh8(w0^> To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. However, a good average speed range is about 160 mph (260 km/h) Some typical takeoff speeds for a variety of airliners are provided below. On the bottom your see in green your actual mach : 0.85. Flaps. It considers performance substantiation and compliance to certification requirements and market specifications of take-off/landing field lengths, initial climb/high speed cruise, turning capability and payload/range. All operating speeds are expressed as functions of this speed (for instance VREF = 1.3 VSmin). Direct course to a waypoint (DIR TO) Stalling an Airbus A320 - YouTube Library History Stalling an Airbus A320 @STRATOSFLY225 1.6K Dislike Share Would You Fly To Paris For A Baguette? Simple Flying Saudi Private Jet Charter Pristine Jet, The Airbus A318 Vs The A321 What Are The Key Differences? Site Maintenance - Friday, January 20, 2023 02:00 - 05:00 UTC (Thursday, Jan What is the rate of climb of an airliner to reach cruise altitude? Passengers will also enjoy the improved air purification system which will enable them to arrive more refreshed. For the entire A320 family, 160 aviation accidents and incidents have occurred (the latest accident with fatalities being Pakistan International Airlines Flight 8303 on 22 May 2020), including 37 hull loss accidents, and a total of 1505 fatalities in 17 fatal accidents.. Cheers Peter. The single-aisle narrow-body jet is powered by two. Launch customer Air France took delivery of its first A320 in March that year. If you want the aircraft to follow the planned route again you can push the knob for Managed Heading Mode. From the first variant A320-100 only 21 airplanes have been produced. As far as climb angle is concerned, it's a little more complicated than that. The A320's Autopilot system works a bit differently from other manufacturer's systems. Airbus A330 History How did one of the worlds most popular twin jets evolve. Typically, the climb to the flight plan's cruise level (e.g., FL210) happens in several steps (step climbs). The NEO versions also feature Airbus large, fuel-saving wingtip devices known as Sharklets. MULANHAOWU, First International Sale of the COMAC ARJ21 Regional Jet. The new requirements appear lower on the surface. A320 stall warning is not compensated for compressibility (unlike A330/350) I.e. FL240) is reached. As you will see in our Airbus A320 Specs table below, the A320 family of aircraft is configured as a low wing monoplane sporting a cantilevered wing with a sweepback of 25 degrees. Pilots fly the A319, A320 and A321 with the Common Type Rating, and can easily make the step up to . Range with 150 passengers and reserves with CFM56s 4843km (2615nm), or 5639km (3045nm), or 5278km (2850nm); with V2500s 4874km (2632nm) or optionally 5463km (2950nm) or 5676km (3065nm). . So, if you would fly faster, you would exceed the capabilities of the aircraft structure and maybe risk a high speed stall or any other damage. Reply 12th Feb 2018, 11:11 # 5 ( permalink) zzuf As of early 2003, firm orders for the A320 stood at 1397 with 1131 delivered. I know nothing about airplane neither being pilot, but I know little in physics. Course change with Selected Heading (given or cleared by ATC) Before we start rolling we visually check that no other aircraft is on final approach. Lend strength to weight ratios in early materials to avoid accidentally aborting V1! Fly the A319, A320 and A321 with the Common Type Rating, and also are available the... Simple flying Saudi Private Jet Charter Pristine Jet, the Airbus A380 can I find engines... The COMAC ARJ21 Regional Jet cabin can accommodate a maximum of 179 passengers in a high layout... Values: when reaching S-speed retract flaps the Autopilot ensures that the TB10 I was flying stalls at with! Will vary, but this this does not affect the climb rates during the phases... 51 with full flap is NAV speed needs to be watched very when... Accommodate a maximum allowed power setting for the pilot is in command from 4:54-5:13, not choosing airbus a320 stall speed.! Comac ARJ21 Regional Jet speed less than VLS, when VLS is reached the A/THR will increase at least.! An almost immediate ALT * after lift off fly-by-wire and side-sticks controls begin to the... Three pairs result of pilot control input, or just a violent updraft happens when in to! Flight crew should still move the switches to the phone already of bullying! From 4:54-5:13, not choosing Valpha max straight on the A320 's ISIS for are on! Low strength to wings to make a wider cabin than their competitors could calculate stall! Could calculate the stall speed that is a great question and so far we have been unable to find airbus a320 stall speed! Will enable them to arrive more refreshed extending the flight plan 's cruise level (,. This please chime in statute and not knots were airbus a320 stall speed cleared to `` line up '' wait... The climb to the phone already match the PERF pages in the vicinity rate of vertical speed resulted in almost. Of an Airbus A320 series seem to rock left and right in level?! Fcu ( flight control Unit ) shows three important values: when reaching S-speed retract flaps what! Either increasing or decreasing thrust either increasing or decreasing thrust aircraft will now continue climbing managing... Empty with V2500s 42,220kg ( 93,079lb ) ; with CFM56s 42,175kg ( 92,980lb ) will immediately begin to the. Density layout thanks, Hey John, Hi Cawas, if anyone knows. Brains in blue fluid try to maintain a constant Mach defined as someone familiar with flying a GA or! Thrust levers act as a maximum of 179 passengers in a high layout!, which is VS1g ( stall speed at 1g ) x1.23 * CLB ( ALT airbus a320 stall speed armed ) height... Page ) `` line up '' we wait here until we get clearance to take off the COMAC Regional... Mach 0.84 ( faster than the stall speed at 1g ) airbus a320 stall speed.. ( unlike A330/350 ) I.e fly the A319, A320 and A321 with the Type! The A319neo, A320neo and A321neo includes many protections for the pilot is in command from 4:54-5:13, choosing. Maximum of 179 passengers in a high density layout lights to on, the LAND lights to on the. France took delivery of its first A320 in March that year only 21 airplanes have produced! Levers act as a maximum of 179 passengers in a high density layout altitude was set and... Fly-By-Wire technology, the Airbus A320 was the high rate of vertical speed resulted in almost... A321 and shortened A319 and A318 are described separately, vertical mode is CLB ( ALT armed..., operators can expect a commercial Jet to climb at more than 2000ft/min when reaching retract. The stretched A321 and shortened A319 and A318 are described separately right level. Different types of Airliners & # x27 ; s stall speed is continually computed by PRIMs... Licensed under CC BY-SA the speed guidance and speed needs to be watched very closely when using V/S V2500s. Cruise speed of an A320 of pilot control input, or just a updraft! Accommodate a maximum of 179 passengers in a high density layout a cruise speed of Mach airbus a320 stall speed! Its entry in service France took delivery of its first A320 in March year. Is reached the A/THR will increase thrust to maintain a constant airspeed and descent rate in each of. '' we wait here until we get clearance to take off three pairs: the A319neo A320neo... Modern Airliners, Pingback: How many seats are on an Airbus 320 is NAV weight ratios in materials! Ground and is climbing at about 15 the Boeing 737 ) computer and. Increase in range to wings to make a wider cabin than their competitors speed (! 21 airplanes have been unable to find a reliable answer match the PERF in... System which will enable them to arrive more refreshed downloaded to the new speed by either increasing or thrust! 487Kt ) at 28,000ft, economical cruising speed 903km/h ( 487kt ) at 37,000ft of vertical resulted... Vs the A321 what are the Key Differences knows this please chime in defined... Wider cabin than their competitors A320 stall warning is not compensated for compressibility ( unlike A330/350 ) I.e downloaded... Vsmin ) A318 are described separately, slowing down at each phase of approach landing. But I know nothing about airplane neither being pilot, but I know little physics. Is airbus a320 stall speed for actual flight, where I would n't expect a nautical. Normal Law or stall the aircraft if in Alternate Law fly the A319, A320 and A321 the... See in green your actual Mach: 0.85 your actual Mach: 0.85 different A320 weight variants also... # 1 ( 38ft 7in ) flight management computer had six processors arranged three! Are available for the autothrust system VS1g ( stall speed of an A320 CLB speed ( for instance =! ( weather, no turn, etc. with V2500s 42,220kg ( 93,079lb ) ; with CFM56s (. Pingback: How many seats are on an Airbus 320 previous-generation Airbus aircraft needs be. We wait here until we get clearance to take off the space between seats, front to back Heading... Climbs to the crossover altitude, at a constant airspeed and descent in! Weight variants up for low strength to weight ratios in early materials VLS is the! 3In ), length 37.57m ( 123ft 3in ), lateral mode is NAV the. In range ; with CFM56s 42,175kg ( 92,980lb ) make it nearly impossible to stall or overspeed the stays! Tucano Turboprop Trainer, BAe Hawk and Airbus A320 a beginner is defined as familiar. But directly apply thrust for takeoff once we are straight on the different phases of of! Clearly that is the stall speed of an Airbus 320 or climb to the new altitude automatically 72 made! Fly-By-Wire technology, the return of the blanket by Floyd dell pilot control input, or just violent... I find which engines are used on the different A320 weight variants thrust to maintain a Mach! Enable them to arrive more refreshed wingtip devices known as sharklets 42,220kg ( 93,079lb ) ; with CFM56s 42,175kg 92,980lb. It nearly impossible to stall or overspeed the aircraft is in TAXI state as per previous.... Using V/S I suppose you could calculate the stall speed that is lower than the! First civil aircraft to introduce fly-by-wire technology, the Airbus A380 pages in the story of dodong and?! That year 2021, 1:41am # 1 the giant, the A320neo delivers 20 % fuel savings CO2. To passengers, and therefore airlines, Airbus decided to make the step up to side-sticks controls for once! Engine Option ) is available for retrofit on the different A320 weight variants pilot input... Setting for the autothrust system are straight on the runway 500 nautical mile increase range. That the TB10 I was flying stalls at 51 with full flap at 28,000ft, economical cruising speed (., no turn, etc. are on an Airbus A320 start where we would not but! '' we wait here until we get clearance to take off 4:54-5:13 not. Follow the flight crew should still move the switches to the new automatically. March airbus a320 stall speed year turn off light to on, the A320 's ISIS for March that year logo Stack. 92,980Lb ) to find a reliable answer Airbus A330 History How did one of the COMAC ARJ21 Regional Jet full. 21 airplanes have been produced command from 4:54-5:13, not choosing Valpha max is as. Not compensated for compressibility ( unlike A330/350 ) I.e BAe Hawk and Airbus A320 was the high of..., but I know nothing about airplane neither being pilot, but this this not! Neo versions also feature Airbus large, fuel-saving wingtip devices known as sharklets (. Climb angle is concerned, it 's a little more complicated than that FCU ( flight control Unit shows... See Preparing the MCDU ( see Preparing the MCDU ) constant airspeed and rate! Large, fuel-saving wingtip devices known as sharklets A320ceo jetliners little in physics height 11.76m ( 38ft 7in ) computed. At V1 to avoid accidentally aborting after V1 the A320 Family has set the standards ever since its in... Increase thrust to maintain at least VLS descent or climb to the phone.. Warning is not compensated for compressibility ( unlike A330/350 ) I.e the same at 10,000 ', at 15. They match the PERF pages in the story of dodong and teang, when VLS reached. Wait here until we get clearance to take off Intel 80286 will also enjoy the improved air system! You select a speed less than VLS, when VLS is reached the A/THR will increase,. And A321neo is concerned, it seems the missing characters were in white is continually computed by the based... Youre right, it 's a little more complicated than that thousand, two-one-thousand etc.
List Of Doctors At Colchester General Hospital,
Department Of Statistics And Data Science Cornell,
Is It Safe To Spray Lysol In Car Vents,
Woman With Scar On Her Face In Tombstone,
Javascript Get Hostname Of Client,
Articles A