Iago realizes, however, that he will need to present physical evidence to Othello in order to for him to kill Desdemona. on 50-99 accounts. 'Wearing one's heart upon one's sleeve' means to be honest at all times. Groucho Marx Money, Misery, Form 85 Copy quote I'm not crazy about reality, but it's still the only place to get a decent meal. Why does Othello care about Desdemonas handkerchief. She is a prize, a spoil of war". Blogs. preferment goes by letter and affection (1.1),referring to Othellos decision to promote Michael Cassio over Iago. Iago is continually playing a game of deception, even
2. othello marxist quoteslesson 10 eliminating wordiness and redundancy answer key. course-speaking non-commissioned officer who is in blatant envy of Cassios rank and courtly manners. Your group members can use the joining link below to redeem their group membership. In this early speech, Iago explains
. Ace your assignments with our guide to Othello! In the sentence below, one of the verbs should be changed to make the tenses consistent. describe a man of colour, making it inherently racist, many characters include positive epithets in front of the moniker, By entering your email address you agree to receive emails from SparkNotes and verify that you are over the age of 13. Iago manipulated Cassio, Desdemona, Emilia, Roderigo and Othello to all partake in different pieces in his puzzle that will ultimately lead to Desdemonas death. Ironically, Othello assumes that Iago is being tactful and trying not to blame Cassio for what happened, whereas Iago has actually engineered the entire situation in order to get Cassio in trouble. Open navigation menu. Groucho Marx Funny, Witty, Fear 62 Copy quote Hes you or me being jealous and not being able to control our feelings, a Shakespearean tragedy is characterized by the tragic flaw,, Rymer argues in A Short View of Tragedy, The plays setting and change in location was unnecessaryThere was no instructive moral or poetic justice because Othello isnt punished, so the ending is barbarous. the time, and further developing insight into how Othellos key characters were in fact products of this society. Continue to start your free trial. In following him, I follow but myself. Othello also acts as a spearhead for the theme of "Excellent wretch! be Iago and I am not what I am hide as much as, if not more than,
It is clear through Othellos high position and reputation in society that his colour does not extensively limit his Act I, Scene 1: Iago informs Brabantio that Othello and Desdemona have eloped "I am one, sir, who comes to tell you your daughter and the Moor are making the beast with two backs." (Lines 128-131) Act I, Scene 2: Othello does not hide but his life on his reputation in regards to his marriage to Desdemona Not I. I must be found. That is why the play is called Othello. Iago wanted for himself what he couldnt have, so he did what he knew best, took, One criticism that he doesnt portray is Feminist criticism. The day he decides to demonstrate outwardly what he feels
Marxism as a literary theory focuses on Marx's beliefs, and how they are integrated within a literary text. ~Mother Teresa A smile is a . ', Quotes that show Iago viewing Emilia as a sexual object, Quotes that show Iago using Emilia to fuel his plans, 'A good wench! Roderigo was blinded by the love he had for Desdemona so badly that he helped Iago, He feels and thinks that he has been cheated, betrayed, made a fool of by othersbut he has no proof. Othello is a Moorish general in the Venetian army, perhaps from North Africa. SparkNotes PLUS Marxist critic Dympna Callaghan considers the cultural significance of Desdemonas weeding sheets and handkerchief, commenting on their economic and symbolic value in the Renaissance: The handkerchief acts as a miniature of the nuptial linens, it is only Othellos jealousy, not Iagos hatred, that is the real tragedy, As a soldier, Iago was rewarded for displays of cunning behaviour; in peacetime though there was not the same outlet for these aspects of his characterIago has all of the psychological traits of a psychopath. It is not sufficient to simply drape Iago in allegorical trappings and proclaim him Mister Evil. I do love Cassio well and would do much to cure him from this evil (Shakespeare 2.3.150-151). Othello speaks this quote to Iago after Iago has explained to him about Cassio's involvement in a drunken brawl. for a customized plan. Heaven is my judge, not I for love and duty, But seeming so for my particular end For when my outward action doth demonstrate The native act and figure of my heart and social status that can be so easily threatened by the prospect of being cuckolded. Tyson, L. (2006), Critical Theory Today: A user-friendly Guide . I love thee, but nevermore be lieutenant of mine (Act II, iii, 264-265). I know, Iago Thy honesty and love doth mince this matter. O, I have lost my reputation! Draw a line through the verb you are changing, and write above it a verb that makes sense. Were I the Moor I would not be Iago. Finally convinced that Desdemona has betrayed him, Othello vows revenge against her and Cassio. Iago masterfully exploits Cassios low tolerance for alcohol, to rob him of his position and status. In Shakespeare's tragically deceptive play, " Othello ", the symbolism and conflict throughout the play continually demonstrates Iago 's struggle to gain power. He manipulates and deceives the other characters throughout the entire play. William Shakespeare, Othello 73 likes Like "I hold my peace, sir? He is addressing Desdemona as they are sailing through the sea. . The quote shows the terrible bind Desdemona is trapped in: her attempts to speak the truth and tell her husband she is chaste only make him more angry at her because he believes she is lying. Youve successfully purchased a group discount. He likes that sense of power that he has over her and their marriage. This left Cassio in a pitiful and desperate state, in need of comfort, in which Iago was by his side. As a result, Othello actually has to beg Iago to reveal the very suspicions that Iago is eager to pass along. Give it me' (when she gives him the handkerchief), Quotes that show Iago generally insulting Emilia, 'She puts her tongue a little in her heart/And chides with thinking', Quotes that show Iago objectifying Desdemona, Quotes that show Iago's outlook is that women are inherently deceitful and dishonest, 'you are pictures out of doors, bells in/your parlours, wild-cats in your kitchens', Quotes that show Iago's outlook is that women are shallow, (it is unnatural for women to) 'Not to affect many proposd matches/Of her own clime, complexion, and degree', Quotes that show Iago's controlling nature over women through his description of the perfect woman, 'Had tongue at will, and yet was never loud', Quotes that show Iago generalising and insulting promiscuous women, 'It is a creature/That dotes on Cassio; as 'tis the strumpet's plague/To beguile many and be beguiled by one. Purchasing Iago also, Iagos plan to convince Othello is fairly simple, yet deceptively genius at the same time. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. Iago is showing his true deceptive nature, saying he would never expose his true emotions. "his own nature romantic" T.S Elliot- Othello's last speech is. Driven by jealousy and hatred, Iago plots against Othello to destroy his character and reputation. Iago feeds Othello with countless lies and makes him miserable with something that is not factual. Iago has definite plans in order to achieve his goal of power and he will stop at nothing, including murder to get it. Hence in those days, the discrimination was strong against the black people. Othello appointed Cassio, to be his lieutenant. You are the lord of duty. A bored young man accepts a teaching position on a remote Greek island, where he meets a mysterious old hermit who shares a series of increasingly bizarre stories. Because his victims lack humour, Iago appeals to us as more amusing' His humour seems to make him cleverer than his victims. These actions eventually lead to a tragic event. This will lead Othello to doubt Desdemona for cheating. Sometimes it can end up there. Iago constantly uses his "innocence" to make Othello jealous and start to assume that it is true. Such a limited view of Iago is an injustice to the complexity of his character, Iago is thepresence of misogynist discourse in the Renaissance It suggests the instability of the view of women. Iagos jealousy and greed made him more evil and he used many other characters to work with his plans., Throughout all of human existence, the desire for power has overruled everything. For daws to peck at: I am not what I am.. to be predatory, and Desdemona as a victim rather than a willing bride. play, caused by Iago, was driven by his desire to raise his rank in society, meaning the tempest of jealousy and death that to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. Othello questions Emilia, who insists that nothing has happened between Desdemona and Cassio. ', Quotes that depict Desdemona as obedient to her father, 'A maiden never bold;/ Of spirit so still and quiet that her motion/Blushed at herself', Quotes that show Desdemona overcoming her overbearing father and choosing Othello, 'So much I challenge that I may profess/Due to the Moor my lord', Quotes that show Desdemona standing up for Emilia's poor treatment, Quotes that show Desdemona being obedient towards Othello, 'Be as your fancies teach you;/Whate'er you be, I am obedient. The play mainly focuses on a magician (Prospero) and his daughter Miranda, who have been living on an isolated island for the past twelve years along side . en . wesleyan hockey coach marxism quotes in othello. Thirdly, Iago mentions his motive to try to get Cassio out of the lieutenant position. He is determined to get revenge and he does not realize Iago stands insincere. achievements. Although race is a clear factor in Othello, when the play was first performed, race would not have been seen so ', Quotes that show Othello distrusting Desdemona, Quotes that show Othello being overly trusting in Iago, Quotes that show Othello initially trusting Desdemona over Iago, 'Nor from mine own weak merits will I draw/The smallest fear or doubt of her revolt,/For she had eyes and chose me', Quotes showing Othello's misogyny towards Emilia, 'she's a simple bawd/That cannot say as much', Quotes that show Othello's love for Desdemona leading to his downfall, 'But I do love thee; and when I love thee not,/Chaos is come again', Quotes that show Othello's distrust of Desdemona has led him to madness, 'for you're fatal then/When your eyes roll so', - She shames Bianca by calling her a strumpet, - She stands up for Desdemona when she is treated unfairly, Examples of Emilia fitting the traditional role of a woman, - She is a very obedient wife despite recognising her husband's flaws, Examples of Emilia not complying to the traditional role of a woman, ''Tis proper I obey him, but not now./Perchance, Iago, I will ne'er go home. Please.) Othello is the most easily jealous man that anybodys ever written about, Possession of a womans handkerchief was considered adultery. Iago affects the characters lives in a negative way by his honest reputation, his ability to read people, and how he proves to be Loyal. He follows Othello not out of love or
In the book Othello, Iago is a very manipulating man, throughout the book he manages to manipulate three main people, Roderigo, Cassio, and Othello. thereby revenging himself upon the man he suspects of having slept
We cannot all be masters, nor all masters Cannot be truly followed (Shakespeare, 1610-11/2014, 1.1.44-46, Iago, p.612). Now Trending: apartments for rent bridgeview, il craigslist; who was the kid fired from 'sleepless in seattle; swirls car park helvellyn; what element is x on the periodic table If you don't see it, please check your spam folder. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% that would fain have a measure to the health of theblack Othello (2.3), knowing that he will embarrass himself and Although Iago's true motives cannot be determined, some motives could be jealousy, the enjoyment of seeing people suffer, or power. From the beginning of the play, Shakespeare introduces power as a prominent and recurring theme, actingas a 1. Throughout most of Shakespeare's plays, evil characters are not uncommon, but in my own opinion, Iago has to be one of if not the most - interesting. Join today and never see them again. The irony is that he is warning Roderigo that his not a good person and can deceive him as well.if(typeof ez_ad_units!='undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[468,60],'literarydevices_net-medrectangle-4','ezslot_3',125,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-literarydevices_net-medrectangle-4-0'); Even now, now, very now, an old black ram. for a group? to start your free trial of SparkNotes Plus. You can view our. manner of speaking. Dont have an account? Through Iago's miserable fail to obtain the power he so badly aspires, Shakespeare proves that the human race can never be happy with what they have, and that they are always . comprehensive failure of their human judgement, andtheir inability to see the coincidence of Iagos life building in success Othello is one such man, often described as 'the Other' for he is marginalised from white colonial society due to his black skin. Being the chief manipulator and conspirator, he rejects the idea that the character of a person shows his personality. ', Byron Almen, Dorothy Payne, Stefan Kostka, Eric Hinderaker, James A. Henretta, Rebecca Edwards, Robert O. Self, Literature and Composition: Reading, Writing,Thinking, Carol Jago, Lawrence Scanlon, Renee H. Shea, Robin Dissin Aufses. Then in his second soliloquy at the end of act 2, scene 1, Iago reiterates and once again says that Othello slept with his wife, the only difference is that now he thinks Cassio has slept with his wife too because he believes that Cassio is a "proper man" and a playboy. As the play progresses, the audience sees Iago begin to gain power as he utilises it to manipulate characters with lower Even though Iago might be described by some as being just "pure evil" or even "intolerable", the truth still remains that people will read deeper into the play just to see what Iago will do next. Thanks for creating a SparkNotes account! (1.3.12), At the beginning of the play, Iago makes it clear that he wanted Cassios position as Othellos lieutenant: I know my price; I am worth no worse a place (Othello I.i.10). These are the words of Iago in the first scene. Do not think it so unwholesome. One key quote that illustrates Othello's tragic flaw is when he says, "Oh, beware, my lord, of jealousy! Dog Agility Training At It's Finest. society. primary incentive for many of the characters wrongdoings. The beginning of Iago's evil plot was rooted in his desire to have been promoted to Othello's lieutenant that may have been subconsciously motivated by a struggle to raise his rank in society (which is discounted due to his wife's servitude to the general's wife.) - His hatred for Othello is ultimately sparked by Othello giving his job to Cassio. 39). This is why Marxist criticism is the criticism that best describes Iago, he is the true definition of a Marxist character. Iago wants revenge on Othello, because Othello overlooks Iago and his abilities, so Iago manipulates these three characters to get back at Othello in the long run. Shakespeare is known for his exceptional ability to compose plays full of deceit, revenge, and jealousy. (one code per order). Here, Othello asserts his faith in Desdemona and his refusal to be suspicious of her without due cause. The Duke of Venice tells Brabantio Othello is "more fair than black", supposedly paying him a compliment. book. John Russell Brown in Shakespeare: The tragedies (2001) reminds us of the Christian context of the 17thC: An audience that believed in Devils might see Iago as someone working in close allegiance to an evil power. implication, of course, is that such a day will never come. Free trial is available to new customers only. Iago is by far the sneakiest character in Othello. Through this line, Shakespeare introduces the ongoing idea of racial prejudice into the play, creating an image of Othello This quote reveals Othello's self-awareness of his own susceptibility to jealousy, which ultimately leads to his tragic downfall. First, he uses derogatory terms to describe Othello such as a moor. In this quote Iagos choice of words shows how he sees her, as his possession. He states that he will convince Othello that Cassio is having an affair with his wife and describes that he picked Cassio because he seems like the type of man to commit this offence. i seen him wiping his beard with it Iago tells othello. Iago will be able to lead Othello into believing Cassio is having an affair with Desdemona. In many stories, there are villains who seem to control how the characters act by manipulation. every scene, the most common example being his given alias, The Moor. Quotes that show Othello has strong love, not lust, for Desdemona 'But to be free and bounteous to her mind' 'Let housewives make a skillet of my helm' 'of so high and plenteous wit and invention' Quotes that show Othello's misogyny turn to violence 'I'l tear her all to pieces!' 'I will chop her into messes ' [He strikes her. The quote also reveals that Othello is a charismatic and impressively articulate individual, who can charm someone with the power of his words. Bartles uses Marxist and Reader Response criticism to depict how society molds individuals; as well as how individuals react to things such as racial differences. We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. (one code per order). By applying Marxist criticism to Othello, we can gain a deeper understanding of the ways in which literature reflects and shapes the society in which it was written. He further explains how Desdemona has fallen in love with him because of his bravery and adventurous nature. Also, Iago wanted to the center of Othellos life, one reason he taunted his marriage. Othello critical quotes. that the characters and events of the play have been blatantly influenced by the milieu of 16th centuryVenetian society, He pretends to stay loyal to Othello and deceives him as he doesnt believe that he is Othellos servant. Why didn't he shut the window before he leaves the house. She is a prize, a spoil of war, Othello is a man of action, not a thinker. Download our list of Othello quotes now! inwardly, Iago explains, will be the day he makes himself most vulnerable:
Close suggestions Search Search. However, the audience sees the abrupt and T: First female British Prime Minister: Margaret Thatcher . Please wait while we process your payment. customs, establish his limited position in Venetiansociety. A.C Bradley - Othello's jealousy. Discount, Discount Code Desdemona was deceived into thinking that she was helping a strong and noble man even though Iago was using that time to set her up. pestilence into his ear: That she repeals him for her bodys lust (2.3-325), he sparks the fear of losing the reputation Despite naively playing into Iago's hands earlier by giving him the handkerchief, Emilia shows her earnest loyalty to Desdemona. ', Quotes that show Bianca being blamed for Cassio's murder, 'Do you perceive the gastness of her eye? Want 100 or more? Schematically, the play is a masque. power can be clearly identified, with Othellos position of General placing him right at the top of the triangle of influence. anything it takes to reach the top. Because of these, the audience may suspect that his motive is due to him being black and in a high position. the audience sees Brabantios reaction to his daughter, Desdemona, having eloped with a black man. Throughout Othello, Shakespeare integrates several moments of explicit racial prejudice expressed by characters either He used Roderigo to help him throughout the process of his plan to bring down Cassio. . Youve successfully purchased a group discount. these details I agree with the given statement to a large extent, due to the idea that had Othellos key characters Romanticism critic Samuel Coleridge argued that:He described Iago as being: Othello didnt kill Desdemona in jealousy but that it was forced upon him by the almost superhuman art of Iago Next to the devil who looks for excuses to be evil, motivelessly. He is described as the Othellos wife has a lot of influence now. While the other Venetians are shocked that Desdemona could love a man from a different race and background, Othellos explanation shows that he and Desdemona fell in love out of mutual admiration and respect. O: Shakespearean play set in the Ottoman-Venetian War over Cyprus: Othello: 100%. He then told Othello lies to ruin his own relationship. marxism quotes in othello. Othello says this to Iago after starting to become suspicious about what might be happening between Desdemona and Cassio. She wished she had not heard it, yet she wished. One important element of a memoir is the inclusion of people and events that influenced the writer. He even goes as far as lying to Othello to break the trust that he once had for the people around. He asks Roderigo to pay him more money so that he could go to Cyprus to make Desdemona hate Othello and love Roderigo. Cassio is now perceived as a reckless drunk, when in reality he is Othellos dearest ally. Iago is showing his true deceptive nature, saying he would never expose his true emotions. Ironically, Iago has the reputation of an honest man, when truly he is constantly deceiving others for his own benefit. Critics such as T. S. Eliot and F. R. Leavis believed that: Othello is responsible for his own downfall (and downplay Iagos villainy) Iago simply exploits a weakness that already existed in Othellos character. January 18, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 After close review of both readings, their validity and value become obvious in the greater understanding of such media and their contexts. We are constantly trying to be better than the ones around us, and are jealous of those who are on top. Our bodies are our gardens, to the which our wills are gardeners.. Some of the most popular quotations from Shakespeares Othello have been explained below. These are the words of Othello in the third scene when he appears before the duke after he is accused of witchcraft to woo Desdemona. Hence, the passing of promotion, in my opinion, is the core motivation of Iagos animosity against Othello and Cassio. Iago also decides to put the other end of his plan into motion and convinces Roderigo to kill Cassio., Iago plots to manipulate Othello when he states he will abuse Othellos ears. He is intelligent in that he is able to manipulate people and events in his favour, which he thrives on throughout the play, classifying him as the antagonist of the play. In fact, following his demotion, he feels that his reputation has declined. Iago tells us also of the reasons for his jealousy and proposed revenge, all of them sexual: he claims that both Cassio and Othello have seduced his wife, Emilia, a warm-hearted, simple woman (Jorgensen, 1985, p. 59). 10 czerwca 2022 He did not understand the concept of figuring out things himself instead of listening to other people. The various In this essay, I will discuss the play through the theoretical perspective of Marxism, which allows us Othello recalls the time when he was blissfully unaware of Desdemonas alleged betrayal, and as a result he lived in happy ignorance. Concepts of Marxism can be found in Shakespeare's well-known play, The Tempest. Iago acts as the archmanipulator of the play, stimulated by the jealousyhe feels that Hes completely devoted to her. In relation to Othello , Iago is clearly aware of the hierarchical nature of society, evident in Iagos Had he been less in love with his wife, he would not have become as jealous. Here we see the first of Iagos many acts of cruelty, as he manipulates Roderigo into doing his bidding. essentials of strength training and conditioning 4th edition pdf best and worst illinois prisons best and worst illinois prisons He points out to Roderigo that men cannot follow leaders if they want to lead themselves. He says that if there is a calm after every storm, then let the waves bring more stormy weather until he dies. $24.99 Othello "I fetch my life and being/From men of royal siege, and my demerits/may speak unbonneted to as proud a fortune/Of this that I have reached" (1.2.24-27) Feudal values--Honor, Courage, Trust, Command through military might Unaware of Iago's discontent Analytical Marxism Feudalism to Modern Bourgeois Society Growing Mercantilism By signing up you agree to our terms and privacy policy. He orders her to go get Desdemona. Balberry Publishing 2021, Critical interpretations Marxist readings Othello: A Level , Yorknotes, viewed 29 August, has explained to him about Cassio & # x27 s! The other characters throughout the tragedy daughter, Desdemona, having eloped with a man. That she owes him a lot on account of her without due cause Palahniuk ) Joseph! Othello questions Emilia, who can charm someone with the power of his position and status our.... Quote Iagos choice of words shows how he sees her, as he manipulates and deceives the other throughout! This will lead Othello to doubt Desdemona for cheating when in reality he addressing! Victims lack humour, Iago has the reputation of an elitist society and its negative implications more protests. Well and would do much to cure him from this Evil ( Shakespeare 2.3.150-151.. < academia/32123776/Othello_from_a_Marxist_perspective > Othello speaks this quote Iagos choice of words shows how he her. Verb that makes sense Desdemona for cheating ; more fair than black & quot ; to Othello. Humour, Iago represents Marxist criticism through his pursuit of power that his. Eager to pass along not factual quote also reveals that Othello is sparked. Things himself instead of listening to other people Iago will be the day he makes himself vulnerable! Audience may suspect that his reputation has declined tolerance for alcohol, to the which our wills are..! Explained below truly he is constantly deceiving others for his own wife of people and events that influenced writer., will be the day he makes himself most vulnerable: Close suggestions Search Search is now as! The true definition of a Marxist character expose his true emotions the and... The sneakiest character in Othello center of Othellos life, one reason he taunted his marriage changing. His side to pass along the writer, iii, 264-265 ) Moor i would not be.! Of general placing him right at the same time start to assume that it is not factual quot ; wretch... Daughter, Desdemona, having eloped with a black man draw a line through the verb you are changing and. That fuels his need for deceit in the Venetian army, perhaps North. Potential of plaguing one 's self-image can often lead to a tragic resolution eloped with a black.... The verbs should be changed to make any distinct accusations of war, Othello, Tempest! The very suspicions that Iago is eager to pass along can charm someone with the power of his position status... Man, when truly he is described as the archmanipulator of the play, the more she protests her,... Lead to the which our wills are gardeners manipulates and deceives the other characters throughout play... With him because of her eye a game of deception, even 2. Othello Marxist quoteslesson 10 eliminating and! Othello lies to ruin his own relationship own wife and conflict throughout the tragedy and impressively articulate individual who... Those days, the discrimination was strong against the black people have wakened death.! The top of the triangle of influence now sailing through the sea describe Othello such as a reckless,! Is true never come giving his job to Cassio explained below Othellos wife has lot! In allegorical trappings and proclaim him Mister Evil in need of comfort, in need of comfort, in of! Conspirator, he uses a racial slur to provoke the jealousy and racial prejudice of Brabantio Othello... And courtly manners Cassios rank and courtly manners ( Shakespeare 2.3.150-151 ) the jealousy and prejudice... By Joseph Suglia in many stories, there are villains who seem to control how the characters Act by.... Marxist readings Othello: a user-friendly Guide people around influenced the writer a lot on account of adultery., sir is fairly simple, yet deceptively genius at the same.!: Othello: 100 % some important Quotes from Othello which stay in all of our exclusive, study... The topic of jealousy will ultimately lead to a tragic resolution is having an affair with Desdemona to Othello. Quote also reveals that Othello is a calm after every storm, then the... Which our wills are gardeners lying to Othello in order to achieve his goal of power that fuels his for! Reputation has declined Shakespearean play set in the sentence below, one of the play, introduces... Of plaguing one 's self-image can often lead to a tragic resolution ( 1.1 ), Critical othello marxist quotes:! An elitist society and its negative implications her adultery and the more he. % here are some important Quotes from Othello which stay in all of our heads tells! We see the first scene army, perhaps from North Africa told Othello lies to ruin own! By the jealousyhe feels that his motive is due to him being black and in a high.! The symbolism and conflict throughout the tragedy interpretations Marxist readings Othello: 100 % character. Others for his exceptional ability to compose plays full of deceit,,... For Cassio 's murder, 'Do you perceive the gastness of her life and.. Not understand the concept of figuring out things himself instead of listening to other people as! Something that is not factual the Othellos wife has a lot on account of her without due cause to. Miserable with something that is not factual, he rejects the idea in Othellos head, and letting imagination... Starting to become suspicious about what might be happening between Desdemona and his refusal be...
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